February 24, 2025
BY SIMON BAMEYI
The Yoruba people are an ethnic group from West Africa, primarily found in Nigeria, Benin, and Togo. Their history dates back to the 8th century, and they have a rich and complex cultural heritage.
EARLY HISTORY (8th-13th centuries):
The Yoruba people originated from the city of Ile-Ife, which is located in present-day Nigeria. According to Yoruba mythology, the city was founded by the god Oduduwa, who is said to have created the world and established the Yoruba kingdom. The early Yoruba people were farmers, hunters, and traders, and they developed a complex system of government, social hierarchy, and spiritual practices.
OLD OYO EMPIRE (13th-18th centuries):
In the 13th century, the Yoruba people established the Old Oyo Empire, which became one of the most powerful empires in West Africa. The empire was known for its military prowess, administrative efficiency, and cultural achievements. The Old Oyo Empire was also a major center of trade, with connections to other West African kingdoms and the Mediterranean region.
COLONIAL PERIOD (19th-20th centuries)
In the 19th century, the Yoruba people were colonized by the British, who established the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria. The British imposed their own system of government, economy, and culture on the Yoruba people, which had a significant impact on their traditional way of life. Many Yoruba people were forced to adopt European customs, language, and religion, which led to a decline in their traditional practices and cultural identity.
MODERN PERIOD (20th century-present):
In the 20th century, the Yoruba people played a significant role in the struggle for Nigerian independence. Many Yoruba leaders, such as Obafemi Awolowo and Nnamdi Azikiwe, were instrumental in the fight for independence, which was achieved in 1960. Today, the Yoruba people continue to play an important role in Nigerian politics, economy, and culture. They are also found in other countries, such as the United States, United Kingdom.
